Difference between revisions of "Commands"

From Linuxintro
(JHBjsPnPrbTOoPjBZmi)
imported>ThorstenStaerk
 
(5 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
Thank for snarihg the tips. by the way do you have any idea how recover my hard disk from damage?thank you
+
Here are important commands that you should be aware of:
 +
 
 +
* [[cat]] : input from stdin or a file and output to stdout or a file
 +
* [[cd]] : change directory
 +
* [[date]] : show and set the system date and time
 +
* [[df]] : find out how much space is free on your disks
 +
** df -h : find out how much space is free on your disks in a sensible format
 +
* [[disown]] - removes a process from its parent process, allowing it to continue after the parent exits
 +
* [[dig]] - query a name server for a server's IP address
 +
* [[du]] -sch * : find out how much space is used on your disks
 +
* [[echo]] : output a string to [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command_Line_Interface console] (rather, to [[stdout]])
 +
** echo mem > /sys/power/state : put the computer into standby-mode
 +
* [[ethtool]] : is a network cable connected and which link does it have?
 +
* [https://www.howtogeek.com/106873/how-to-use-fdisk-to-manage-partitions-on-linux/ fdisk] : partition a [[hard disk]]
 +
* [[file]] : find out the type of a file
 +
* [[hwinfo]] : find out what harddisk, processor, graphics card and so on you have
 +
** hwinfo --block --short : find out what disks and partitions you have
 +
** hwinfo --cpu --short: find out what processors you have
 +
* [[ldd]] : list dependencies of an executable file
 +
* [[ls]] : list files
 +
** ls -ltr : list files, latest last
 +
* [[lsof]] : list open files in the system
 +
* mkdir : makes a directory
 +
* [[netstat]] : show network connections
 +
** netstat -putan : show network connections in a sensible way
 +
* [[ps]] : show running processes
 +
** ps -A : show all running processes
 +
** ps -ef : show all processes and their uptime
 +
* [[route]] : manage the network routing table
 +
* [[scp]] : copy over the network
 +
* [[shred]] : wipe data off your computer
 +
* [[sleep]] : waits for a given time
 +
* [[ssh]] : call a program over the network on another computer
 +
* [[strace]] : list all syscalls performed by a program
 +
** strace -e open : list all files that a program reads/writes to/from
 +
* [[tar]] : pack and unpack file archives
 +
** tar -xvzf : unpack .tar.gz files
 +
** tar -xvjf : unpack .tar.bz2 files
 +
** tar -cvzf : pack to .tar.gz files
 +
* [[top]] : show the top CPU/RAM consuming processes
 +
* [[vmstat]] - how much I/O is your computer doing?
 +
* [[which]] - where does a program lodge?
 +
* [[xosview]] - gives you a nice overview about system load: CPU, disks, swap etc.
 +
* [[zip]] - pack files so WinZip can extract them
 +
 
 +
= See also =
 +
* [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Commands|pages that link to here]]
 +
* [[software]]

Latest revision as of 08:47, 1 March 2020

Here are important commands that you should be aware of:

  • cat : input from stdin or a file and output to stdout or a file
  • cd : change directory
  • date : show and set the system date and time
  • df : find out how much space is free on your disks
    • df -h : find out how much space is free on your disks in a sensible format
  • disown - removes a process from its parent process, allowing it to continue after the parent exits
  • dig - query a name server for a server's IP address
  • du -sch * : find out how much space is used on your disks
  • echo : output a string to console (rather, to stdout)
    • echo mem > /sys/power/state : put the computer into standby-mode
  • ethtool : is a network cable connected and which link does it have?
  • fdisk : partition a hard disk
  • file : find out the type of a file
  • hwinfo : find out what harddisk, processor, graphics card and so on you have
    • hwinfo --block --short : find out what disks and partitions you have
    • hwinfo --cpu --short: find out what processors you have
  • ldd : list dependencies of an executable file
  • ls : list files
    • ls -ltr : list files, latest last
  • lsof : list open files in the system
  • mkdir : makes a directory
  • netstat : show network connections
    • netstat -putan : show network connections in a sensible way
  • ps : show running processes
    • ps -A : show all running processes
    • ps -ef : show all processes and their uptime
  • route : manage the network routing table
  • scp : copy over the network
  • shred : wipe data off your computer
  • sleep : waits for a given time
  • ssh : call a program over the network on another computer
  • strace : list all syscalls performed by a program
    • strace -e open : list all files that a program reads/writes to/from
  • tar : pack and unpack file archives
    • tar -xvzf : unpack .tar.gz files
    • tar -xvjf : unpack .tar.bz2 files
    • tar -cvzf : pack to .tar.gz files
  • top : show the top CPU/RAM consuming processes
  • vmstat - how much I/O is your computer doing?
  • which - where does a program lodge?
  • xosview - gives you a nice overview about system load: CPU, disks, swap etc.
  • zip - pack files so WinZip can extract them

See also