Difference between revisions of "Dpkg"
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Here are package management issues and how you achieve them using dpkg or rpm. | Here are package management issues and how you achieve them using dpkg or rpm. | ||
| + | __TOC__ | ||
| + | |||
| + | = Overview = | ||
{| border=1 | {| border=1 | ||
! Issue | ! Issue | ||
| Line 19: | Line 22: | ||
| find what package provides the installed file ''/bin/ls'' || rpm -qf ''/bin/ls'' || dpkg --search ''/bin/ls'' | | find what package provides the installed file ''/bin/ls'' || rpm -qf ''/bin/ls'' || dpkg --search ''/bin/ls'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | look at a package file description || || dpkg -I ''file.deb'' | + | | look at a package file description || rpm -qpl ''file.rpm'' || dpkg -I ''file.deb'' |
|- | |- | ||
| look at a package description || rpm -qi ''package'' || apt-cache show ''package'' | | look at a package description || rpm -qi ''package'' || apt-cache show ''package'' | ||
| Line 28: | Line 31: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| extract a package || rpm2cpio blah.rpm <nowiki>|</nowiki> cpio -id || dpkg -x datei.deb ''target_folder'' | | extract a package || rpm2cpio blah.rpm <nowiki>|</nowiki> cpio -id || dpkg -x datei.deb ''target_folder'' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | remove a package, but do not run pre-uninstall scripts before || rpm -e --nopreun ''xyz'' || rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/xyz.prerm; dpkg -r ''xyz'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
= TroubleShooting = | = TroubleShooting = | ||
| − | == | + | == Unmet dependencies == |
<pre> | <pre> | ||
root@lvps83-169-3-117:~# apt-get install kde | root@lvps83-169-3-117:~# apt-get install kde | ||
| Line 56: | Line 61: | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
Once solution was to remove a postuninstall script, /var/lib/dpkg/info/psa-imp.postrm | Once solution was to remove a postuninstall script, /var/lib/dpkg/info/psa-imp.postrm | ||
| + | |||
| + | == failed to fetch == | ||
| + | Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gcc-4.3/g++-4.3_4.3.3-5ubuntu4_i386.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.171 80] | ||
| + | Looking at http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gcc-4.3/ it is empty. This was the case because my Ubuntu was not supported any longer. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == not found == | ||
| + | Here is an example. Calling | ||
| + | sudo apt-get install tcl | ||
| + | Gave me | ||
| + | <pre> | ||
| + | Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tcl8.4/tcl8.4_8.4.19-2_i386.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.171 80] | ||
| + | E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing? | ||
| + | </pre> | ||
| + | Now the commands | ||
| + | apt-get update | ||
| + | and | ||
| + | apt-get install --fix-missing tcl | ||
| + | did not help. Surfing to http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tcl8.4/ I found there is no tcl8.4_8.4.19-2_i386.deb only tcl8.4_8.4.19-3_i386.deb. So I got this one: | ||
| + | wget http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tcl8.4/tcl8.4_8.4.19-3_i386.deb | ||
| + | and installed it: | ||
| + | sudo dpkg -i tcl* | ||
Latest revision as of 07:32, 15 January 2016
dpkg is Debian's default packaging software. However you will normally use apt-get to install Debian software. Here are package management issues and how you achieve them using dpkg or rpm.
Overview
| Issue | rpm | dpkg |
|---|---|---|
| how files are called | *.rpm | *.deb |
| list all installed packages | rpm -qa | dpkg -l |
| list all installed packages by order of installation date | rpm -qa --last | |
| install a package from a file | rpm -i file.rpm | dpkg -i file.deb |
| list package content | rpm -ql package | dpkg -L package |
| find what package provides the installed file /bin/ls | rpm -qf /bin/ls | dpkg --search /bin/ls |
| look at a package file description | rpm -qpl file.rpm | dpkg -I file.deb |
| look at a package description | rpm -qi package | apt-cache show package |
| find which installed package provides /bin/bash | rpm -qf /bin/bash | dpkg -S /bin/bash (to also search in not installed packages you can use apt-file) |
| find what program provides the file Xlib.h | auto-apt search Xlib.h | |
| extract a package | rpm2cpio blah.rpm | cpio -id | dpkg -x datei.deb target_folder |
| remove a package, but do not run pre-uninstall scripts before | rpm -e --nopreun xyz | rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/xyz.prerm; dpkg -r xyz |
TroubleShooting
Unmet dependencies
root@lvps83-169-3-117:~# apt-get install kde
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run `apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
kde: Depends: kde-core (>= 5:47) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: kde-amusements (>= 5:47) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: kdeaccessibility (>= 4:3.4.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: kdeaddons (>= 4:3.4.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: kdeadmin (>= 4:3.4.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: kdeartwork (>= 4:3.4.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: kdegraphics (>= 4:3.4.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: kdemultimedia (>= 4:3.4.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: kdenetwork (>= 4:3.4.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: kdepim (>= 4:3.4.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: kdeutils (>= 4:3.4.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: kdewebdev (>= 4:3.4.3) but it is not going to be installed
psa: Depends: libpam-plesk but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
Once solution was to remove a postuninstall script, /var/lib/dpkg/info/psa-imp.postrm
failed to fetch
Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gcc-4.3/g++-4.3_4.3.3-5ubuntu4_i386.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.171 80]
Looking at http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gcc-4.3/ it is empty. This was the case because my Ubuntu was not supported any longer.
not found
Here is an example. Calling
sudo apt-get install tcl
Gave me
Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tcl8.4/tcl8.4_8.4.19-2_i386.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.171 80] E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?
Now the commands
apt-get update
and
apt-get install --fix-missing tcl
did not help. Surfing to http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tcl8.4/ I found there is no tcl8.4_8.4.19-2_i386.deb only tcl8.4_8.4.19-3_i386.deb. So I got this one:
wget http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tcl8.4/tcl8.4_8.4.19-3_i386.deb
and installed it:
sudo dpkg -i tcl*
