Ldd
From Linuxintro
Revision as of 06:54, 30 March 2020 by imported>ThorstenStaerk
ldd is a command that shows which libraries are used by an executable file.
- Example
<source>
itchy:~ # ldd /usr/local/bin/ktimetracker
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fffdb7ff000)
libkutils.so.4 => /usr/local/lib64/libkutils.so.4 (0x00007feed334b000)
libkparts.so.4 => /usr/local/lib64/libkparts.so.4 (0x00007feed30fa000)
libkcal.so.4 => /usr/local/lib64/libkcal.so.4 (0x00007feed2dd7000)
[...]
</source> In this case, libkutils is loaded from /usr/local/lib64/libkutils.so.4 to memory address 0x00007feed334b000.
ldd uses the LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable to find out where to search for libraries:
tweedleburg:~/jail # ldd ktimetracker
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fffa7dff000)
libkutils.so.4 => /usr/lib64/libkutils.so.4 (0x00007fa69f8e1000)
libkparts.so.4 => /usr/lib64/libkparts.so.4 (0x00007fa69f69f000)
tweedleburg:~/jail # export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=.
tweedleburg:~/jail # ldd ktimetracker
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fff65fff000)
libkutils.so.4 => ./libkutils.so.4 (0x00007f595da82000)
libkparts.so.4 => ./libkparts.so.4 (0x00007f595d831000)
Usage
To find out all files that an executable file depends on:
ldd /usr/local/bin/ktimetracker | sed "s/^.* => //" | sed "s/ (0x.*//"
Saving example
<source> tweedleburg:~ # ldd /usr/bin/skype
linux-gate.so.1 => (0xffffe000)
libasound.so.2 => /usr/lib/libasound.so.2 (0xf7ea0000)
libXv.so.1 => /usr/lib/libXv.so.1 (0xf7e9a000)
libXss.so.1 => /usr/lib/libXss.so.1 (0xf7e96000)
librt.so.1 => /lib/librt.so.1 (0xf7e8c000)
libQtDBus.so.4 => not found
libQtGui.so.4 => not found
libQtNetwork.so.4 => not found
libQtCore.so.4 => not found
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0xf7e71000)
libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 (0xf7d7c000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0xf7d53000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0xf7d44000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0xf7be8000)
libX11.so.6 => /usr/lib/libX11.so.6 (0xf7ab5000)
libXext.so.6 => /usr/lib/libXext.so.6 (0xf7aa4000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0xf7a9e000)
/lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xf7f99000)
libxcb-xlib.so.0 => /usr/lib/libxcb-xlib.so.0 (0xf7a9b000)
libxcb.so.1 => /usr/lib/libxcb.so.1 (0xf7a7d000)
libXau.so.6 => /usr/lib/libXau.so.6 (0xf7a79000)
tweedleburg:~ # ll /usr/lib/libQtDBus.so.4 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Jun 16 18:41 /usr/lib/libQtDBus.so.4 -> libQtDBus.so.4.5.0 tweedleburg:~ # rm /usr/lib/libQtDBus.so.4 tweedleburg:~ # ln -s /usr/lib/libQtDBus.so.4.4.3 /usr/lib/libQtDBus.so.4 tweedleburg:~ # ldd /usr/bin/skype
linux-gate.so.1 => (0xffffe000)
libasound.so.2 => /usr/lib/libasound.so.2 (0xf7ea6000)
libXv.so.1 => /usr/lib/libXv.so.1 (0xf7ea0000)
libXss.so.1 => /usr/lib/libXss.so.1 (0xf7e9c000)
librt.so.1 => /lib/librt.so.1 (0xf7e92000)
libQtDBus.so.4 => /usr/lib/libQtDBus.so.4 (0xf7e28000)
libQtGui.so.4 => not found
libQtNetwork.so.4 => not found
libQtCore.so.4 => not found
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0xf7e0e000)
libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 (0xf7d19000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0xf7cf0000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0xf7ce1000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0xf7b85000)
libX11.so.6 => /usr/lib/libX11.so.6 (0xf7a52000)
libXext.so.6 => /usr/lib/libXext.so.6 (0xf7a41000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0xf7a3b000)
/lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xf7f9f000)
libdbus-1.so.3 => /lib/libdbus-1.so.3 (0xf79f9000)
libQtXml.so.4 => not found
libQtCore.so.4 => not found
libz.so.1 => /lib/libz.so.1 (0xf79e4000)
libgthread-2.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/libgthread-2.0.so.0 (0xf79dd000)
libglib-2.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0 (0xf7918000)
libxcb-xlib.so.0 => /usr/lib/libxcb-xlib.so.0 (0xf7915000)
libxcb.so.1 => /usr/lib/libxcb.so.1 (0xf78f7000)
libXau.so.6 => /usr/lib/libXau.so.6 (0xf78f3000)
libpcre.so.0 => /usr/lib/libpcre.so.0 (0xf78bf000)
tweedleburg:~ # </source>
