Difference between revisions of "Commands"
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Here are important commands that you should be aware of: | Here are important commands that you should be aware of: | ||
| − | * [[cat]] | + | * [[cat]] : input from stdin or a file and output to stdout or a file |
| − | * [[cd]] | + | * [[cd]] : change directory |
| − | * [[date]] | + | * [[date]] : show and set the system date and time |
| − | * [[df]] - find out how much space is free on your disks | + | * [[df]] : find out how much space is free on your disks |
| + | ** df -h : find out how much space is free on your disks in a sensible format | ||
* [[disown]] - removes a process from its parent process, allowing it to continue after the parent exits | * [[disown]] - removes a process from its parent process, allowing it to continue after the parent exits | ||
| − | * [[du]] - find out how much space is used on your disks | + | * [[dig]] - query a name server for a server's IP address |
| − | * [[echo]] | + | * [[du]] -sch * : find out how much space is used on your disks |
| − | ** echo mem > /sys/power/state | + | * [[echo]] : output a string to [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command_Line_Interface console] (rather, to [[stdout]]) |
| − | * [[ethtool]] | + | ** echo mem > /sys/power/state : put the computer into standby-mode |
| − | * [ | + | * [[ethtool]] : is a network cable connected and which link does it have? |
| − | * [[file]] | + | * [https://www.howtogeek.com/106873/how-to-use-fdisk-to-manage-partitions-on-linux/ fdisk] : partition a [[hard disk]] |
| − | * [[hwinfo]] | + | * [[file]] : find out the type of a file |
| − | * [[ldd]] | + | * [[hwinfo]] : find out what harddisk, processor, graphics card and so on you have |
| − | * [[ls]] - list files | + | ** hwinfo --block --short : find out what disks and partitions you have |
| − | * [[lsof]] | + | ** hwinfo --cpu --short: find out what processors you have |
| − | * [[netstat]] - show network connections | + | * [[ldd]] : list dependencies of an executable file |
| − | * [[ps]] - show running processes | + | * [[ls]] : list files |
| − | * [[route]] | + | ** ls -ltr : list files, latest last |
| − | * [[scp]] | + | * [[lsof]] : list open files in the system |
| − | * [[sleep]] | + | * mkdir : makes a directory |
| − | * [[ssh]] | + | * [[netstat]] : show network connections |
| − | * [[strace]] | + | ** netstat -putan : show network connections in a sensible way |
| − | * [[tar]] | + | * [[ps]] : show running processes |
| − | * [[top]] | + | ** ps -A : show all running processes |
| + | ** ps -ef : show all processes and their uptime | ||
| + | * [[route]] : manage the network routing table | ||
| + | * [[scp]] : copy over the network | ||
| + | * [[shred]] : wipe data off your computer | ||
| + | * [[sleep]] : waits for a given time | ||
| + | * [[ssh]] : call a program over the network on another computer | ||
| + | * [[strace]] : list all syscalls performed by a program | ||
| + | ** strace -e open : list all files that a program reads/writes to/from | ||
| + | * [[tar]] : pack and unpack file archives | ||
| + | ** tar -xvzf : unpack .tar.gz files | ||
| + | ** tar -xvjf : unpack .tar.bz2 files | ||
| + | ** tar -cvzf : pack to .tar.gz files | ||
| + | * [[top]] : show the top CPU/RAM consuming processes | ||
* [[vmstat]] - how much I/O is your computer doing? | * [[vmstat]] - how much I/O is your computer doing? | ||
* [[which]] - where does a program lodge? | * [[which]] - where does a program lodge? | ||
| Line 32: | Line 46: | ||
= See also = | = See also = | ||
* [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Commands|pages that link to here]] | * [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Commands|pages that link to here]] | ||
| + | * [[software]] | ||
Latest revision as of 08:47, 1 March 2020
Here are important commands that you should be aware of:
- cat : input from stdin or a file and output to stdout or a file
- cd : change directory
- date : show and set the system date and time
- df : find out how much space is free on your disks
- df -h : find out how much space is free on your disks in a sensible format
- disown - removes a process from its parent process, allowing it to continue after the parent exits
- dig - query a name server for a server's IP address
- du -sch * : find out how much space is used on your disks
- echo : output a string to console (rather, to stdout)
- echo mem > /sys/power/state : put the computer into standby-mode
- ethtool : is a network cable connected and which link does it have?
- fdisk : partition a hard disk
- file : find out the type of a file
- hwinfo : find out what harddisk, processor, graphics card and so on you have
- hwinfo --block --short : find out what disks and partitions you have
- hwinfo --cpu --short: find out what processors you have
- ldd : list dependencies of an executable file
- ls : list files
- ls -ltr : list files, latest last
- lsof : list open files in the system
- mkdir : makes a directory
- netstat : show network connections
- netstat -putan : show network connections in a sensible way
- ps : show running processes
- ps -A : show all running processes
- ps -ef : show all processes and their uptime
- route : manage the network routing table
- scp : copy over the network
- shred : wipe data off your computer
- sleep : waits for a given time
- ssh : call a program over the network on another computer
- strace : list all syscalls performed by a program
- strace -e open : list all files that a program reads/writes to/from
- tar : pack and unpack file archives
- tar -xvzf : unpack .tar.gz files
- tar -xvjf : unpack .tar.bz2 files
- tar -cvzf : pack to .tar.gz files
- top : show the top CPU/RAM consuming processes
- vmstat - how much I/O is your computer doing?
- which - where does a program lodge?
- xosview - gives you a nice overview about system load: CPU, disks, swap etc.
- zip - pack files so WinZip can extract them
