Commands
From Linuxintro
Here are important commands that you should be aware of:
- cat : input from stdin or a file and output to stdout or a file
- cd : change directory
- date : show and set the system date and time
- df : find out how much space is free on your disks
- df -h : find out how much space is free on your disks in a sensible format
- disown - removes a process from its parent process, allowing it to continue after the parent exits
- dig - query a name server for a server's IP address
- du -sch * : find out how much space is used on your disks
- echo : output a string to console (rather, to stdout)
- echo mem > /sys/power/state : put the computer into standby-mode
- ethtool : is a network cable connected and which link does it have?
- fdisk : partition a hard disk
- file : find out the type of a file
- hwinfo : find out what harddisk, processor, graphics card and so on you have
- hwinfo --block --short : find out what disks and partitions you have
- hwinfo --cpu --short: find out what processors you have
- ldd : list dependencies of an executable file
- ls : list files
- ls -ltr : list files, latest last
- lsof : list open files in the system
- mkdir : makes a directory
- netstat : show network connections
- netstat -putan : show network connections in a sensible way
- ps : show running processes
- ps -A : show all running processes
- ps -ef : show all processes and their uptime
- route : manage the network routing table
- scp : copy over the network
- shred : wipe data off your computer
- sleep : waits for a given time
- ssh : call a program over the network on another computer
- strace : list all syscalls performed by a program
- strace -e open : list all files that a program reads/writes to/from
- tar : pack and unpack file archives
- tar -xvzf : unpack .tar.gz files
- tar -xvjf : unpack .tar.bz2 files
- tar -cvzf : pack to .tar.gz files
- top : show the top CPU/RAM consuming processes
- vmstat - how much I/O is your computer doing?
- which - where does a program lodge?
- xosview - gives you a nice overview about system load: CPU, disks, swap etc.
- zip - pack files so WinZip can extract them
